Reframing indigeneity: The difference an indigenous broadcaster makes (14321)
This paper examines discursive practices and participatory cultures
forming around the Maori Television Service (MTS) in Aotearoa New
Zealand. It explores in particular their capacity to challenge the
epistemic violence inflicted through colonization upon indigenous ways
of knowing and being. In the current conjuncture defined by
neoliberalism, securitization and surveillance, colonization assumes
insidious new forms. In postcolonial settler nations, indigenous
iconographies are appropriated and commodified to promote state or
corporate agendas, while indigenous peoples fighting for cultural and
political rights are often characterized as "terrorists" or "indios
insurrectos" (Hale 2004). We focus on two incidents: police "terror
raids" on Tuhoe in Te Urewera in 2007, and controversies over public
pronouncements by Air New Zealand in 2013 about a company policy that
prohibits employment of people with ta moko. Both events revealed
racialized mediascapes that became sites of contestation between
competing visions of national identity, belonging and participation
played out in particular on and through the bodies of indigenous people.
While mainstream media trafficked heavily in racialized discourses of
terror and securitization in relation to the Urewera raids, MTS drew
upon grassroots counterdiscourses and counterknowledges that depicted
the situation in the Ureweras very differently. By the time of the Air
New Zealand controversy, MTS had developed around itself an active
participatory culture of digitally engaged audiences making avid use of
Twitter, Facebook and YouTube. We explore the forms of indigenous
citizenship active within this new media environment to assess the
contribution an indigenous broadcaster can make to the formation of
(counter)modernities.